![]() ![]() The key to the Yoruba rebuilding of Oyo was a stronger military and a more centralized government. ![]() Oyo never encompassed all Yoruba people, but it was the most populous kingdom in Yoruba history. During the 17th century, Oyo began a long stretch of growth, becoming a major empire. The people created a government that established its power over a vast empire. They re-established Oyo as more centralized and expansive than ever. The Yoruba of Oyo went through an interregnum of 80 years as an exiled dynasty after its defeat by the Nupe. The Nupe sacked the capital, destroying Oyo as a regional power until the early 17th century. Sometime around 1535, the Nupe occupied Oyo and forced its ruling dynasty to take refuge in the kingdom of Borgu. During the reign of Onigbogi, Oyo suffered military defeats at the hands of the Nupe led by Tsoede. For over a century, the Yoruba state had expanded at the expense of its neighbors. Oyo had grown into a formidable inland power by the end of the 14th century. The importance of the two large structures (the palace and the Oja Oba) signified the importance of the king in Oyo. Around the capital was an enormous earthen wall for defense with 17 gates. The palace was at the center of the city close to the Oba's market called 'Oja-Oba'. The two most important structures in Oyo-Ile were the 'Afin,' or palace of the Oba, and his market. The heart of metropolitan Oyo was its capital at Oyo-Ile (also known as Oyo Katunga or Old Oyo or Oyo-oro). His successor, Kori, managed to conquer the rest of what later historians would refer to as metropolitan Oyo. Ajaka returned to the throne thoroughly more warlike and oppressive. Leadership was then conferred upon Ajaka's brother, Shango, who was later deified as the deity of thunder and lightning. Ajaka was deposed, because he lacked Yoruba military virtue and allowed his sub-chiefs too much independence. Oranyan, the first oba (king) of Oyo, was succeeded by Oba Ajaka, Alaafin of Oyo. Either way the royal family was devoted to The Spirits of Thunder (Jakuta) and War (Ogun).Įarly period (12th century–1535) It is believed that the name "Sango" was given by his maternal grandfather or he adopted it from the local name for the God of Thunder. Not long after the war was won, Oranmiyan had a son, Ajuwon Ajaka much later Arabambi was born by the woman from Tapa ( Nupe). Orangun Ajagunla of Ila, Oranmiyan's elder brother, stormed in with his men to assist. Īt one time, Oyo-ile was at war with the Bariba of Borgu, who wanted to subjugate the new city still under construction. He left all his treasures in Ife and allowed another king to rule there. Oranyan made Oyo his new kingdom and became the first "oba" (meaning 'king' or 'ruler' in the Yoruba language) with the title of " Alaafin of Oyo" (Alaafin means 'owner of the palace' in Yoruba). Oranyan followed the advice and founded Oyo where the serpent stopped. The chief instructed Oranyan to follow the snake until it stopped somewhere for seven days and disappeared into the ground. There the local chief entertained him and provided a large snake with a magic charm attached to its throat. Oranyan's force was too small to make a successful attack, so he wandered the southern shore until reaching Bussa. On the way to the battle, the brothers quarreled and the army split up. Oranyan made an agreement with his brother to launch a punitive raid on their northern neighbors for insulting their father Oduduwa, the first Ooni of Ife. The origins of the Oyo Empire lie with Oranyan (also known as Oranmiyan), the last prince of the Yoruba Kingdom of Ile-Ife ( Ife). ![]() Yemoja Festival (Brazil, Cuba, Trinidad, USA, Venezuela, Argentina).Social / Communal concepts: Omọlúàbí Aṣọẹbí Esusu Religious concepts: Àshẹ Iwa Ori Ìmùlẹ̀ Àkámarà Ìtàn Ẹbọ & Ètùtù ![]() Legendary creatures Ebora & Imale Egbere Iwin Akudaaya Abiku & Emere Oro. God Olorun Olodumare Olofin Divination Ifá Opon Ifá Opele Odù Ifá Agere Ifa Awo & Ogberi Orishas Ọbatala Osanyin Elegba Yemoja Olokun Shango Oya/Yansa Ogun Obaluwaye Oshun Oshoosi Orunmila Aganju Oshumare More. History Legend of origin Part of a series on ![]()
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